Gujarati Barakhadi

Gujarati Barakhadi (ગુજરાતી બારાખડી) — also called Barakshari (બારક્ષરી) — is the complete syllable chart of the Gujarati language. It systematically combines each of the 34 consonants (વ્યંજન) with all 13 vowel forms (મા\u{200C}ત્રા) to produce 442 unique syllables.

Each cell in the chart is a standalone Gujarati syllable — the fundamental unit of Gujarati words. For example, the consonant ક (k) combined with the vowel form આ (aa) gives the syllable કા (kaa).

The standard Gujarati Barakhadi contains 34 consonants × 13 vowel forms = 442 syllables. When the base consonant sound (inherent "a") is counted, each row has 14 forms: the consonant plus 13 matra-modified syllables.

Gujarati uniquely includes the retroflex lateral ળ (lla), absent from Hindi Devanagari, which is why Gujarati has 34 consonants rather than 33.

Barnamala (બર્ણ\u{200C}માળા / Varnamala) is the Gujarati alphabet — the individual letters: 13 independent vowels (સ્વર) and 34 consonants (વ્યંજન). It is the foundation of written Gujarati.

Barakhadi / Barakshari goes further and shows what happens when you attach each vowel matra to each consonant. It is a pronunciation and reading practice tool derived from the Barnamala.

To read a Gujarati word, identify the consonant in the first (pinned) column and the vowel mark (matra) on that consonant. Find the matching column header to get the syllable sound.

For example, the word ઘર (ghara – house): find ઘ (gha) row → inherent vowel column = ઘ (gha). Then find ર (ra) row → inherent vowel = ર (ra). So ઘ + ર = ઘર (ghara).

Matras (મા\u{200C}ત્રા) are the vowel diacritical signs in Gujarati script. When a vowel follows a consonant inside a word, the vowel's independent letter is replaced by a smaller matra symbol written around the consonant — above, below, before, or after it.

Gujarati has 12 matras. The i-matra (િ) is unique — it is written before the consonant it modifies. The inherent vowel "a" has no visible matra; it is intrinsic to every consonant.

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